Fire suit
A fire suit is a type of protective clothing worn by firefighters and other personnel working in environments where there is a risk of fire. The suit is designed to protect the wearer from the heat and flames of a fire, as well as from other hazards such as smoke and toxic gases.
Fire suits are typically made from materials that are heat-resistant, such as Nomex, Kevlar, or other synthetic fibers. They also often include features such as a self-contained breathing apparatus, gloves, and boots.
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Types of Fire suit
There are several types of fire suits that are designed for different types of firefighting and other hazardous tasks. Some of the most common types include:
- Structural firefighting suit: This type of suit is worn by firefighters who are working in structures such as buildings and homes. It is made from heat-resistant materials and is designed to protect the wearer from the intense heat and flames of a fire.
- Wildland firefighting suit: This type of suit is worn by firefighters who are working in wildland or rural areas. It is made from lightweight, breathable materials that help to keep the wearer cool in hot weather.
- Proximity firefighting suit: This type of suit is worn by firefighters who are working in close proximity to a fire. It is made from heat-resistant materials that provide a higher level of protection than structural or wildland firefighting suits.
- Technical Rescue suit: This type of suit is worn by rescue personnel who are working in hazardous or confined spaces. It is designed to protect the wearer from falling debris, hazardous chemicals, and other hazards.
- Thermo-graphic suit: This type of suit is worn by firefighters and other personnel who are working in hazardous environments. It is designed to protect the wearer from the heat and flames of a fire, as well as from other hazards such as smoke and toxic gases.
- HAZMAT suit: This type of suit is worn by personnel who are working with hazardous materials, such as chemicals and radioactive materials. It is designed to protect the wearer from exposure to these materials.
The silver-coloured outer shell seen in these images here must be tough enough to withstand splashes of molten metal, yet flexible enough to enable the
wearer to remain mobile. This layer is often a combination of carefully woven fibers made of a fire-resistant variant of Kevlar called NOMEX. A tight weave ensures that the material resists ripping during often strenuous firefighting activity. It also offers a degree of moisture deflection.
Below the outer shell comes an essential moisture barrier, which prevents liquids and chemicals from passing into the suit. This material consists of a breathable fabric such as Breathe-Tex, sewn in with the NOMEX/Kevlar blend.
Third is a strong thermal layer made from Kevlar-based fibres woven into the material. Flames won’t penetrate
through this layer and it also absorbs around three-quarters of a fire’s heat. The temperature of a typical fire ranges from 400-800 degrees Celsius (750-1,470 degrees Fahrenheit).
Fire Suit Layers
Function of Outer Shell
The purpose of the outer shell is to protect the firefighter from direct flame while providing abrasion and tear resistance and some thermal protection. Outer shell fabric comes in a variety of fiber blends, weaves, and weights, which impacts break-open resistance, strength, abrasion resistance, flexibility, and durability.
Function of Moisture Barrier
The moisture barrier protects the firefighter from water and NFPA “common liquids” (chlorine, battery acids, aqueous film forming foam, gasoline, hydraulic fluid, and antifreeze fluid) and is also tested for resistance to blood borne pathogens. The moisture barrier is required to provide “breathability” – letting perspiration move away from the wearer. This layer is made from an engineered membrane laminated to a woven or non-woven substrate.
Function of Thermal Liner
The thermal liner provides most of the thermal protection from ambient heat – the more thermal protection, the longer it will take for the firefighter to feel the heat. Thermal liners typically consist of a lightweight woven face cloth lining facing your body quilted to one or more layers of insulating non-woven batting.
The face cloth is made from a variety of fibers in spun (like cotton) form or filament (like fishing line) or a combination of the two. With more filament fiber, the lining fabric slides more easily against your body, which makes the gear more comfortable as well as making it easier to slide in and out of your gear.
The batting is typically a one-layer needle punch (like felt) or two or more layers of a spun lace (hydro-entangled) which is lighter and more flexible.
How Thermal Performance and Breathability Tested
Both the thermal protective performance and the “breathability” are tested on the base three-layer composite that makes up the turnout gear. The TPP test was introduced in the 1986 edition of NFPA 1971, with a minimum performance rating of 35, which remains the required test value today. In this test, samples of the three-layer composite are subjected to a bank of quartz lamps simultaneously with direct flame exposure, simulating flashover conditions.
The TPP value is determined strictly by the three material layers specified and is not impacted by design or construction. Different combinations will yield different results and, roughly speaking, if you take the TPP value of any three-layer ensemble and divide it in half, this would be the number of seconds of escape time for a firefighter caught in this environment before he would receive a second degree burn.
The second test, total heat loss (THL) is often referred to as the breathability test. The THL test was first introduced in the 1997 edition of NFPA 1971 as an annex item and became a requirement in the 2000 edition. This test is run on a guarded sweating hot plate and measures the ability of the same three base layers to allow heat to pass through the composite.
Not surprisingly, these two tests are like a see saw; in the TPP test we are measuring the ability of the layers to deter heat from the outside environment entering through the system, and in the THL test we are measuring the ability of these same three layers to dissipate body heat from the inside to the outside.
Types of Fire Suit
- NOMEX Fire Suit
- Aluminized Fire Suit
- Aluminized Fire Entry Suit
The price of a fire suit can vary depending on the type of suit, the materials used to make it, and the features it includes. Structural firefighting suits, for example, can range in price from $500 to $1,500, while wildland firefighting suits can be less expensive, starting around $200 to $500.
Proximity firefighting suits tend to be more expensive, with prices ranging from $1,500 to $3,000. Technical rescue suits and Thermo-graphic suits are also expensive, with prices ranging from $2,000 to $5,000. HAZMAT suits can also be very expensive, with prices ranging from $1,000 to $5,000 or more, depending on the level of protection they provide.
It’s important to note that the suit is one of the most critical pieces of personal protective equipment for firefighters and other personnel working in hazardous environments, so it’s essential to purchase a suit that meets industry standards, is comfortable to wear and is made of high-quality materials, even if it might be more expensive.Please Contact Us for any of your requirement